Safety

The pavement distress issue
is reported as an elementary road entity causing accidents. According to the statistics
of the Road Traffic Injury Research and Prevention Centre (RTIR&PC) in Karachi,
more than 50% of serious injuries occur due to road faults. This paper aims to develop
a mechanism for the exploration of blackspots by inspecting the traffic accidents in
Karachi city caused by road distresses. The mathematical analysis involved the Lagrange polynomial method while the screening of blackspots was carried out based on safety inspections. As of lack of technicalities and improved documentation, the paper presented an initiative of complete guidelines for safety audits and investigations specifically for developing countries like Pakistan. According to findings, around 87% locations are pertained with the ranking of blackspots highlighting the pavement problems of the city.

The Global Road Safety Facility (GRSF) has developed this evidence-based guide on “What Works and What Does Not Work” in road safety in response to the critical need for effective evidence-based solutions. This guide has been prepared to help readers understand that not all road safety interventions are equally effective and that what appear to be “common-sense” approaches to selecting road safety interventions will often not be the best. Although some provide benefits, others have very limited or even negative impacts, despite being commonly—and mistakenly—recommended or accepted. The guide offers a range of recommendations with a focus on interventions in LMICs, although the information may also be of relevance to all countries. The contents will be valuable to those working on road safety at policy or practitioner levels, including World Bank technical team leaders and others who seek to establish, expand, or improve road safety programs in LMICs. The guide sets knowledge on evidence-based interventions within a “Safe System” context, providing advice on each of the Safe System pillars (road safety management, safe roads, safe speeds, safe vehicles, safe road users, and post-crash care) while recognizing that evidence-based solutions must be drawn from across pillars to produce effective road safety outcomes. At the core of this document is a summary table with an overview of beneficial and non-beneficial interventions based on sound scientific evidence. This is followed by more detailed information including case studies and references to the evidence base to support the summary.

Report discussing the valuation of road crash costs. Presents models which can be used in different countries for approximate cost estimations.

Report describing the effects of rut depth, roughness and cross-slope on traffic risk. It was found that there was an increased risk with increasing rut depth, but a decreasing risk with increasing roughness. [Norwegian with English summary]

This technical report describes the conceptual design and mathematical formulation of the road safety and crash prediction module developed for HDM-4 under the ISOHDM initiative. The paper reviews international literature on road accident causality and establishes macroscopic models that link crash frequency and severity to road infrastructure characteristics, traffic operational factors, and environmental conditions. Key risk factors incorporated into the predictive equations include carriageway width, shoulder width and surface type, horizontal curvature, vertical grade, roadside hazard density, pavement friction/skid resistance, speed variability, and non-motorized transport volumes. The document outlines methodologies for estimating crash rates per vehicle-kilometer across distinct road functional classes in both urban and rural contexts. Furthermore, the report addresses economic valuation of road crashes, detailing methods for monetizing human casualty costs (fatalities, severe injuries, minor injuries) and material damage costs using gross output and willingness-to-pay approaches. The resulting accident model empowers road authorities to quantify safety benefits when evaluating road widening, alignment realignments, shoulder paving, skid resistance restoration, and safety engineering interventions within overall HDM-4 highway investment appraisals. Overall, the report emphasizes rigorous empirical validation, standardized data acquisition protocols, and modular integration into the broader Highway Development and Management analytical engine. By combining physical principles with statistical calibration across international trial sites, this working paper provides a robust theoretical and practical baseline for highway authorities to evaluate long-term infrastructure policy options, allocate maintenance budgets efficiently, and maximize economic returns across regional and national road networks. In summary, this study provides highway engineers, transport planners, and economic analysts with